# PTMP (Point-to-Multipoint Wireless)

*Point-to-Multipoint* · Wireless

> PTMP is a point-to-multipoint wireless architecture in which one base station with a sector or omni antenna serves many subscriber radios.

In a point-to-multipoint (PTMP) architecture, an access point (base station) on a tower or rooftop covers a wide area with a sector, horn or omni antenna. Subscribers use CPE radios with small directional antennas pointed at it. Wireless ISP (WISP) last-mile access in rural and suburban areas, industrial zones, campuses, and camera or sensor networks are commonly built this way.

Because all subscribers share the capacity, a sector's total throughput, per-subscriber plan speed and oversubscription ratio must be planned together. Distant subscribers cannot hear each other, which causes the hidden-node problem. To overcome it, TDMA-based protocols such as Ubiquiti airMAX or MikroTik Nv2 are used instead of classic Wi-Fi contention (CSMA/CA). They assign time slots to each CPE and keep throughput stable with many clients.

To keep co-located sectors on the same tower from interfering, frequency planning, antenna isolation and, where available, GPS synchronisation (aligned transmit timing) are important. Symmetrical horn antennas with low side lobes produce less interference in dense deployments than conventional 60°–120° sector antennas, making frequency reuse with smaller cells easier.

Each subscriber connection should be treated as a small link of its own. If line of sight (LOS) to the base station, Fresnel zone clearance and expected RSSI are checked before installation, the right CPE is chosen the first time and repeat site visits are reduced.

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Canonical: https://internetten.com.tr/en/glossary/ptmp