Technical articles and guides
Articles on Turkish logging and e-signature law, GPON, fiber budget calculations, wireless link planning and IoT protocols.
Turkish Law 5651: Logging Obligations for Public Wi-Fi Providers
What hotels, cafés, schools and malls in Türkiye must log under Law 5651: IP allocation records, daily integrity values, 2-year retention, penalties and KVKK.
Read article9 min readPTP and PTMP Wireless Link Planning: Fresnel Zone and LOS
Plan PTP and PTMP wireless links: 5 GHz vs 60 GHz, Fresnel zone formula and 60% clearance rule, link budget, RSSI/SNR targets, antenna choice and site surveys.
Read article9 min readOmnichannel Customer Communication with an AI Assistant
What omnichannel communication means, WhatsApp Business API vs app, unified inbox, AI assistants grounded in CRM data via tool calls, voice bots and privacy.
Read article8 min readISP Subscriber Management: RADIUS, PPPoE, BNG, CGNAT, TR-069
How ISP subscriber management works in practice: RADIUS AAA, PPPoE sessions, BNG/vBNG, CGNAT logging, TR-069 CPE management, billing and BTK reporting.
Read article9 min readIoT Protocols Compared: LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Modbus and MQTT
LoRa vs LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Modbus RTU/TCP and MQTT compared by range, power and data rate, with protocol choices for energy monitoring, greenhouses and livestock.
Read article9 min readGuest Wi-Fi Legal Requirements in Türkiye: Hotels & Cafés
Guest Wi-Fi rules for hotels and cafés in Türkiye: Law 5651 logging, KVKK privacy notices and consent, user authentication methods and hotspot architecture.
Read article8 min readGPON vs XGS-PON: Speeds, Wavelengths, OLT and ONU Explained
GPON (ITU-T G.984) vs XGS-PON (G.9807.1): line rates, wavelengths, optical classes, split ratios, OLT/ONU choices and how both coexist on one ODN.
Read article8 min readFiber Optical Power Budget Calculation: A Worked PON Example
Calculate a fiber optical power budget: attenuation per km, connector and splice loss, splitter loss table, GPON B+/C+ classes, margin and a worked example.
Read article8 min readElectronic Signatures in Türkiye: Law 5070, NES and ID Cards
When is an e-signature equal to a wet signature in Türkiye? Law 5070, qualified certificates (NES), Turkish ID card signing, PAdES levels and exceptions.
Read article8 min readCentralized Syslog: Protocol, Architecture and Log Management
How centralized syslog works: RFC 3164 vs 5424, UDP/TCP/TLS transport, facility and severity, collector architecture, cloud vs on-prem, retention and SIEM.
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